Types of Scaffolding Used in Construction
Scaffolding is a temporary structure of poles, pipes or wood to help support a structure and work as a platform used by construction workers to move safely while operating in elevated positions. A scaffold primarily consists of steel and timber.
The primary characteristics of scaffolding are, sturdiness, stability and strength to support the weight of workers and the material placed on it.
The element of scaffolding is crucial for the majority of the construction process. Construction workers utilize various kinds of scaffolding based on the specific requirements of the construction project. Each scaffolding has its advantages and uses. Some common types of scaffolding used in construction are:
1) Single Scaffolding
Single scaffolding is placed parallel to the wall of a structure with the help of vertical supports known as standards. The horizontal supports are called ledgers and these are used to connect to the vertical supports at an even angle. These scaffolds are connected for support with the help of the holes in the building (putlogs).
Single scaffolding is more often used for brick masonry.
2) Suspended Scaffolding
The working platform in suspended scaffolding is suspended from roofs using wire ropes, chains, etc., and can be raised or lowered to the desired level. This kind of scaffolding is used for painting, pointing, and repair work, among other things.
3) Steel Scaffolding
Steel scaffolding is built with steel tubes that are held together by fittings or steel couplers. It is very convenient to construct or dismantle steel scaffolding. This scaffolding has several advantages such as higher durability, greater strength and better resistance to fire.
Steel scaffolding is not the most economical option. However, it gives the construction workers a safer work environment and is extensively used these days.
4) Patented Scaffolding
Patented scaffolding is also built with steel. However, these scaffolding are equipped with special frames and couplings and are available as ready-made scaffolding. The working platform that is placed on brackets can be adjusted as per the requirement. This makes the scaffolding highly convenient.
5) Cantilever Scaffolding
In cantilever scaffolding, the standards are held up on a series of needles. The needles are then taken out by passing through the holes in the walls. This is called single-frame scaffolding.
In the case of the double frame or independent scaffolding, the needles are erected inside the floor through openings. A greater amount of care has to be given while constructing the cantilever scaffolding.
6) Double Scaffolding
Double scaffolding is primarily utilized in stone masonry and is also called mason’s scaffolding. Due to the toughness of the stone walls, the creation of holes is difficult. Therefore, two rows of scaffolding are constructed to increase the strength of the structure. To further enhance the strength of the scaffolding, cross braces and rakes are also used.
The choice of scaffolding should be based on the requirements of the project at hand. Therefore, one must have relevant knowledge about various kinds of scaffolds to make a better decision.
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